Make systemd reload only single openvpn process and not the whole group2019 Community Moderator ElectionHow to start 2FA-using OpenVPN with systemd?Not sure what starts this systemd unit filesystemd says permission denied for /bin/shmysql service restarted during user being connected lead to failing servicesystemd and OpenVPN woes after an Ubuntu upgradeWhy x0vncserver is not starting at boot?How to restart systemd service after files update under Gunicorn server?Not sure what starts this systemd unit fileWhy is systemd stopping service immediately after it is started?Instruct to execute an unit after completing another unit successfullyStopping systemd unit together with another. Starting workssystemd not autorestarting the last docker container after it crashes or kill -9 or docker stop service

Circuit Analysis: Obtaining Close Loop OP - AMP Transfer function

Is this toilet slogan correct usage of the English language?

Giving feedback to someone without sounding prejudiced

What features enable the Su-25 Frogfoot to operate with such a wide variety of fuels?

Shouldn’t conservatives embrace universal basic income?

Why Shazam when there is already Superman?

What kind of floor tile is this?

How could a planet have erratic days?

How do you make your own symbol when Detexify fails?

Why is it that I can sometimes guess the next note?

What is the highest possible scrabble score for placing a single tile

Doesn't the system of the Supreme Court oppose justice?

Non-trope happy ending?

What does Apple's new App Store requirement mean

How would you translate "more" for use as an interface button?

C++ copy constructor called at return

How to get directions in deep space?

I found an audio circuit and I built it just fine, but I find it a bit too quiet. How do I amplify the output so that it is a bit louder?

What is going on with gets(stdin) on the site coderbyte?

A variation to the phrase "hanging over my shoulders"

What (the heck) is a Super Worm Equinox Moon?

What is the English pronunciation of "pain au chocolat"?

Is my low blitz game drawing rate at www.chess.com an indicator that I am weak in chess?

Can I cause damage to electrical appliances by unplugging them when they are turned on?



Make systemd reload only single openvpn process and not the whole group



2019 Community Moderator ElectionHow to start 2FA-using OpenVPN with systemd?Not sure what starts this systemd unit filesystemd says permission denied for /bin/shmysql service restarted during user being connected lead to failing servicesystemd and OpenVPN woes after an Ubuntu upgradeWhy x0vncserver is not starting at boot?How to restart systemd service after files update under Gunicorn server?Not sure what starts this systemd unit fileWhy is systemd stopping service immediately after it is started?Instruct to execute an unit after completing another unit successfullyStopping systemd unit together with another. Starting workssystemd not autorestarting the last docker container after it crashes or kill -9 or docker stop service










5















I'm running several openvpn instances on my server with debian stable; as well some clients as a server instance. Right now, when one of these instances fails, systemd seems to kill and restart the whole group of processes:




May 27 12:09:44 tritone systemd[1]: openvpn@client_uk.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
May 27 12:09:44 tritone systemd[1]: Unit openvpn@client_uk.service entered failed state.
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN connection to client_rhode...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Starting OpenVPN connection to client_uk...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN connection to client_ukraine...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN connection to server_udp...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN service...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Starting OpenVPN service...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Started OpenVPN service.
...


This is as well undesired as superfluous imho. Restarting the single failed service would suffice. This is the systemd config from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openvpn.service:




[Unit]
Description=OpenVPN service
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
ExecStart=/bin/true
ExecReload=/bin/true
WorkingDirectory=/etc/openvpn

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


I have seen configs, where ExecReload had been set to kill -HUP $MAINPID, and also my server seems to do this, as systemctl status says:



 Process: 5893 ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)


So what I don't understand, where is this kill command defined, if the systemd config ExecReload actually says otherwise? Also, why is the service getting restarted, even if Type=oneshot is defined? Am I looking at the right file at all?



And how should the restart command look like? Kill won't work, as the process is supposedly dead already.



Edit: I found /lib/systemd/system-generators/openvpn-generator and /lib/systemd/system/openvpn@.service now, nevertheless, it remains unclear, when they get run or executed. The generator seems to fail, as none of the links actually got created, probably due to selinux restrictions. Nevertheless, this file seems to be used for init. So I wonder, why is the dummy file /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openvpn.service created at all?










share|improve this question
















bumped to the homepage by Community yesterday


This question has answers that may be good or bad; the system has marked it active so that they can be reviewed.















  • Could you provide the output of the following commands: $ systemctl -t service | grep openvpn and the output of $ systemctl cat <....>.service for each line from the previous command?

    – Siosm
    Apr 7 '17 at 8:43






  • 1





    Much of this is answered at unix.stackexchange.com/questions/378749 and at unix.stackexchange.com/questions/206058 .

    – JdeBP
    Sep 22 '17 at 8:22















5















I'm running several openvpn instances on my server with debian stable; as well some clients as a server instance. Right now, when one of these instances fails, systemd seems to kill and restart the whole group of processes:




May 27 12:09:44 tritone systemd[1]: openvpn@client_uk.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
May 27 12:09:44 tritone systemd[1]: Unit openvpn@client_uk.service entered failed state.
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN connection to client_rhode...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Starting OpenVPN connection to client_uk...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN connection to client_ukraine...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN connection to server_udp...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN service...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Starting OpenVPN service...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Started OpenVPN service.
...


This is as well undesired as superfluous imho. Restarting the single failed service would suffice. This is the systemd config from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openvpn.service:




[Unit]
Description=OpenVPN service
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
ExecStart=/bin/true
ExecReload=/bin/true
WorkingDirectory=/etc/openvpn

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


I have seen configs, where ExecReload had been set to kill -HUP $MAINPID, and also my server seems to do this, as systemctl status says:



 Process: 5893 ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)


So what I don't understand, where is this kill command defined, if the systemd config ExecReload actually says otherwise? Also, why is the service getting restarted, even if Type=oneshot is defined? Am I looking at the right file at all?



And how should the restart command look like? Kill won't work, as the process is supposedly dead already.



Edit: I found /lib/systemd/system-generators/openvpn-generator and /lib/systemd/system/openvpn@.service now, nevertheless, it remains unclear, when they get run or executed. The generator seems to fail, as none of the links actually got created, probably due to selinux restrictions. Nevertheless, this file seems to be used for init. So I wonder, why is the dummy file /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openvpn.service created at all?










share|improve this question
















bumped to the homepage by Community yesterday


This question has answers that may be good or bad; the system has marked it active so that they can be reviewed.















  • Could you provide the output of the following commands: $ systemctl -t service | grep openvpn and the output of $ systemctl cat <....>.service for each line from the previous command?

    – Siosm
    Apr 7 '17 at 8:43






  • 1





    Much of this is answered at unix.stackexchange.com/questions/378749 and at unix.stackexchange.com/questions/206058 .

    – JdeBP
    Sep 22 '17 at 8:22













5












5








5








I'm running several openvpn instances on my server with debian stable; as well some clients as a server instance. Right now, when one of these instances fails, systemd seems to kill and restart the whole group of processes:




May 27 12:09:44 tritone systemd[1]: openvpn@client_uk.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
May 27 12:09:44 tritone systemd[1]: Unit openvpn@client_uk.service entered failed state.
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN connection to client_rhode...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Starting OpenVPN connection to client_uk...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN connection to client_ukraine...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN connection to server_udp...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN service...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Starting OpenVPN service...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Started OpenVPN service.
...


This is as well undesired as superfluous imho. Restarting the single failed service would suffice. This is the systemd config from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openvpn.service:




[Unit]
Description=OpenVPN service
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
ExecStart=/bin/true
ExecReload=/bin/true
WorkingDirectory=/etc/openvpn

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


I have seen configs, where ExecReload had been set to kill -HUP $MAINPID, and also my server seems to do this, as systemctl status says:



 Process: 5893 ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)


So what I don't understand, where is this kill command defined, if the systemd config ExecReload actually says otherwise? Also, why is the service getting restarted, even if Type=oneshot is defined? Am I looking at the right file at all?



And how should the restart command look like? Kill won't work, as the process is supposedly dead already.



Edit: I found /lib/systemd/system-generators/openvpn-generator and /lib/systemd/system/openvpn@.service now, nevertheless, it remains unclear, when they get run or executed. The generator seems to fail, as none of the links actually got created, probably due to selinux restrictions. Nevertheless, this file seems to be used for init. So I wonder, why is the dummy file /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openvpn.service created at all?










share|improve this question
















I'm running several openvpn instances on my server with debian stable; as well some clients as a server instance. Right now, when one of these instances fails, systemd seems to kill and restart the whole group of processes:




May 27 12:09:44 tritone systemd[1]: openvpn@client_uk.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
May 27 12:09:44 tritone systemd[1]: Unit openvpn@client_uk.service entered failed state.
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN connection to client_rhode...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Starting OpenVPN connection to client_uk...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN connection to client_ukraine...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN connection to server_udp...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Stopping OpenVPN service...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Starting OpenVPN service...
May 27 12:10:01 tritone systemd[1]: Started OpenVPN service.
...


This is as well undesired as superfluous imho. Restarting the single failed service would suffice. This is the systemd config from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openvpn.service:




[Unit]
Description=OpenVPN service
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=oneshot
RemainAfterExit=yes
ExecStart=/bin/true
ExecReload=/bin/true
WorkingDirectory=/etc/openvpn

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target


I have seen configs, where ExecReload had been set to kill -HUP $MAINPID, and also my server seems to do this, as systemctl status says:



 Process: 5893 ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)


So what I don't understand, where is this kill command defined, if the systemd config ExecReload actually says otherwise? Also, why is the service getting restarted, even if Type=oneshot is defined? Am I looking at the right file at all?



And how should the restart command look like? Kill won't work, as the process is supposedly dead already.



Edit: I found /lib/systemd/system-generators/openvpn-generator and /lib/systemd/system/openvpn@.service now, nevertheless, it remains unclear, when they get run or executed. The generator seems to fail, as none of the links actually got created, probably due to selinux restrictions. Nevertheless, this file seems to be used for init. So I wonder, why is the dummy file /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openvpn.service created at all?







systemd openvpn






share|improve this question















share|improve this question













share|improve this question




share|improve this question








edited May 27 '15 at 13:43







Michael

















asked May 27 '15 at 11:57









MichaelMichael

1207




1207





bumped to the homepage by Community yesterday


This question has answers that may be good or bad; the system has marked it active so that they can be reviewed.







bumped to the homepage by Community yesterday


This question has answers that may be good or bad; the system has marked it active so that they can be reviewed.














  • Could you provide the output of the following commands: $ systemctl -t service | grep openvpn and the output of $ systemctl cat <....>.service for each line from the previous command?

    – Siosm
    Apr 7 '17 at 8:43






  • 1





    Much of this is answered at unix.stackexchange.com/questions/378749 and at unix.stackexchange.com/questions/206058 .

    – JdeBP
    Sep 22 '17 at 8:22

















  • Could you provide the output of the following commands: $ systemctl -t service | grep openvpn and the output of $ systemctl cat <....>.service for each line from the previous command?

    – Siosm
    Apr 7 '17 at 8:43






  • 1





    Much of this is answered at unix.stackexchange.com/questions/378749 and at unix.stackexchange.com/questions/206058 .

    – JdeBP
    Sep 22 '17 at 8:22
















Could you provide the output of the following commands: $ systemctl -t service | grep openvpn and the output of $ systemctl cat <....>.service for each line from the previous command?

– Siosm
Apr 7 '17 at 8:43





Could you provide the output of the following commands: $ systemctl -t service | grep openvpn and the output of $ systemctl cat <....>.service for each line from the previous command?

– Siosm
Apr 7 '17 at 8:43




1




1





Much of this is answered at unix.stackexchange.com/questions/378749 and at unix.stackexchange.com/questions/206058 .

– JdeBP
Sep 22 '17 at 8:22





Much of this is answered at unix.stackexchange.com/questions/378749 and at unix.stackexchange.com/questions/206058 .

– JdeBP
Sep 22 '17 at 8:22










1 Answer
1






active

oldest

votes


















0














you could try systemctl restart openvpn@CONFIGNAME.service if you use CONFIGNAME as your config file name for your .conf file ...






share|improve this answer






















    Your Answer








    StackExchange.ready(function()
    var channelOptions =
    tags: "".split(" "),
    id: "106"
    ;
    initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);

    StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function()
    // Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
    if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled)
    StackExchange.using("snippets", function()
    createEditor();
    );

    else
    createEditor();

    );

    function createEditor()
    StackExchange.prepareEditor(
    heartbeatType: 'answer',
    autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
    convertImagesToLinks: false,
    noModals: true,
    showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
    reputationToPostImages: null,
    bindNavPrevention: true,
    postfix: "",
    imageUploader:
    brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
    contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
    allowUrls: true
    ,
    onDemand: true,
    discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
    ,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
    );



    );













    draft saved

    draft discarded


















    StackExchange.ready(
    function ()
    StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2funix.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f205859%2fmake-systemd-reload-only-single-openvpn-process-and-not-the-whole-group%23new-answer', 'question_page');

    );

    Post as a guest















    Required, but never shown

























    1 Answer
    1






    active

    oldest

    votes








    1 Answer
    1






    active

    oldest

    votes









    active

    oldest

    votes






    active

    oldest

    votes









    0














    you could try systemctl restart openvpn@CONFIGNAME.service if you use CONFIGNAME as your config file name for your .conf file ...






    share|improve this answer



























      0














      you could try systemctl restart openvpn@CONFIGNAME.service if you use CONFIGNAME as your config file name for your .conf file ...






      share|improve this answer

























        0












        0








        0







        you could try systemctl restart openvpn@CONFIGNAME.service if you use CONFIGNAME as your config file name for your .conf file ...






        share|improve this answer













        you could try systemctl restart openvpn@CONFIGNAME.service if you use CONFIGNAME as your config file name for your .conf file ...







        share|improve this answer












        share|improve this answer



        share|improve this answer










        answered Aug 9 '18 at 1:57









        dominixdominix

        8518




        8518



























            draft saved

            draft discarded
















































            Thanks for contributing an answer to Unix & Linux Stack Exchange!


            • Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!

            But avoid


            • Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.

            • Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.

            To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.




            draft saved


            draft discarded














            StackExchange.ready(
            function ()
            StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2funix.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f205859%2fmake-systemd-reload-only-single-openvpn-process-and-not-the-whole-group%23new-answer', 'question_page');

            );

            Post as a guest















            Required, but never shown





















































            Required, but never shown














            Required, but never shown












            Required, but never shown







            Required, but never shown

































            Required, but never shown














            Required, but never shown












            Required, but never shown







            Required, but never shown







            Popular posts from this blog

            getting Checkpoint VPN SSL Network Extender working in the command lineHow to connect to CheckPoint VPN on Ubuntu 18.04LTS?Will the Linux ( red-hat ) Open VPNC Client connect to checkpoint or nortel VPN gateways?VPN client for linux machine + support checkpoint gatewayVPN SSL Network Extender in FirefoxLinux Checkpoint SNX tool configuration issuesCheck Point - Connect under Linux - snx + OTPSNX VPN Ububuntu 18.XXUsing Checkpoint VPN SSL Network Extender CLI with certificateVPN with network manager (nm-applet) is not workingWill the Linux ( red-hat ) Open VPNC Client connect to checkpoint or nortel VPN gateways?VPN client for linux machine + support checkpoint gatewayImport VPN config files to NetworkManager from command lineTrouble connecting to VPN using network-manager, while command line worksStart a VPN connection with PPTP protocol on command linestarting a docker service daemon breaks the vpn networkCan't connect to vpn with Network-managerVPN SSL Network Extender in FirefoxUsing Checkpoint VPN SSL Network Extender CLI with certificate

            NetworkManager fails with “Could not find source connection”Trouble connecting to VPN using network-manager, while command line worksHow can I be notified about state changes to a VPN adapterBacktrack 5 R3 - Refuses to connect to VPNFeed all traffic through OpenVPN for a specific network namespace onlyRun daemon on startup in Debian once openvpn connection establishedpfsense tcp connection between openvpn and lan is brokenInternet connection problem with web browsers onlyWhy does NetworkManager explicitly support tun/tap devices?Browser issues with VPNTwo IP addresses assigned to the same network card - OpenVPN issues?Cannot connect to WiFi with nmcli, although secrets are provided

            대한민국 목차 국명 지리 역사 정치 국방 경제 사회 문화 국제 순위 관련 항목 각주 외부 링크 둘러보기 메뉴북위 37° 34′ 08″ 동경 126° 58′ 36″ / 북위 37.568889° 동경 126.976667°  / 37.568889; 126.976667ehThe Korean Repository문단을 편집문단을 편집추가해Clarkson PLC 사Report for Selected Countries and Subjects-Korea“Human Development Index and its components: P.198”“http://www.law.go.kr/%EB%B2%95%EB%A0%B9/%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD%EA%B5%AD%EA%B8%B0%EB%B2%95”"한국은 국제법상 한반도 유일 합법정부 아니다" - 오마이뉴스 모바일Report for Selected Countries and Subjects: South Korea격동의 역사와 함께한 조선일보 90년 : 조선일보 인수해 혁신시킨 신석우, 임시정부 때는 '대한민국' 국호(國號) 정해《우리가 몰랐던 우리 역사: 나라 이름의 비밀을 찾아가는 역사 여행》“남북 공식호칭 ‘남한’‘북한’으로 쓴다”“Corea 대 Korea, 누가 이긴 거야?”국내기후자료 - 한국[김대중 前 대통령 서거] 과감한 구조개혁 'DJ노믹스'로 최단기간 환란극복 :: 네이버 뉴스“이라크 "韓-쿠르드 유전개발 MOU 승인 안해"(종합)”“해외 우리국민 추방사례 43%가 일본”차기전차 K2'흑표'의 세계 최고 전력 분석, 쿠키뉴스 엄기영, 2007-03-02두산인프라, 헬기잡는 장갑차 'K21'...내년부터 공급, 고뉴스 이대준, 2008-10-30과거 내용 찾기mk 뉴스 - 구매력 기준으로 보면 한국 1인당 소득 3만弗과거 내용 찾기"The N-11: More Than an Acronym"Archived조선일보 최우석, 2008-11-01Global 500 2008: Countries - South Korea“몇년째 '시한폭탄'... 가계부채, 올해는 터질까”가구당 부채 5000만원 처음 넘어서“‘빚’으로 내몰리는 사회.. 위기의 가계대출”“[경제365] 공공부문 부채 급증…800조 육박”“"소득 양극화 다소 완화...불평등은 여전"”“공정사회·공생발전 한참 멀었네”iSuppli,08年2QのDRAMシェア・ランキングを発表(08/8/11)South Korea dominates shipbuilding industry | Stock Market News & Stocks to Watch from StraightStocks한국 자동차 생산, 3년 연속 세계 5위자동차수출 '현대-삼성 웃고 기아-대우-쌍용은 울고' 과거 내용 찾기동반성장위 창립 1주년 맞아Archived"중기적합 3개업종 합의 무시한 채 선정"李대통령, 사업 무분별 확장 소상공인 생계 위협 질타삼성-LG, 서민업종인 빵·분식사업 잇따라 철수상생은 뒷전…SSM ‘몸집 불리기’ 혈안Archived“경부고속도에 '아시안하이웨이' 표지판”'철의 실크로드' 앞서 '말(言)의 실크로드'부터, 프레시안 정창현, 2008-10-01“'서울 지하철은 안전한가?'”“서울시 “올해 안에 모든 지하철역 스크린도어 설치””“부산지하철 1,2호선 승강장 안전펜스 설치 완료”“전교조, 정부 노조 통계서 처음 빠져”“[Weekly BIZ] 도요타 '제로 이사회'가 리콜 사태 불러들였다”“S Korea slams high tuition costs”““정치가 여론 양극화 부채질… 합리주의 절실””“〈"`촛불집회'는 민주주의의 질적 변화 상징"〉”““촛불집회가 민주주의 왜곡 초래””“국민 65%, "한국 노사관계 대립적"”“한국 국가경쟁력 27위‥노사관계 '꼴찌'”“제대로 형성되지 않은 대한민국 이념지형”“[신년기획-갈등의 시대] 갈등지수 OECD 4위…사회적 손실 GDP 27% 무려 300조”“2012 총선-대선의 키워드는 '국민과 소통'”“한국 삶의 질 27위, 2000년과 2008년 연속 하위권 머물러”“[해피 코리아] 행복점수 68점…해외 평가선 '낙제점'”“한국 어린이·청소년 행복지수 3년 연속 OECD ‘꼴찌’”“한국 이혼율 OECD중 8위”“[통계청] 한국 이혼율 OECD 4위”“오피니언 [이렇게 생각한다] `부부의 날` 에 돌아본 이혼율 1위 한국”“Suicide Rates by Country, Global Health Observatory Data Repository.”“1. 또 다른 차별”“오피니언 [편집자에게] '왕따'와 '패거리 정치' 심리는 닮은꼴”“[미래한국리포트] 무한경쟁에 빠진 대한민국”“대학생 98% "외모가 경쟁력이라는 말 동의"”“특급호텔 웨딩·200만원대 유모차… "남보다 더…" 호화病, 고질병 됐다”“[스트레스 공화국] ① 경쟁사회, 스트레스 쌓인다”““매일 30여명 자살 한국, 의사보다 무속인에…””“"자살 부르는 '우울증', 환자 중 85% 치료 안 받아"”“정신병원을 가다”“대한민국도 ‘묻지마 범죄’,안전지대 아니다”“유엔 "학생 '성적 지향'에 따른 차별 금지하라"”“유엔아동권리위원회 보고서 및 번역본 원문”“고졸 성공스토리 담은 '제빵왕 김탁구' 드라마 나온다”“‘빛 좋은 개살구’ 고졸 취업…실습 대신 착취”원본 문서“정신건강, 사회적 편견부터 고쳐드립니다”‘소통’과 ‘행복’에 목 마른 사회가 잠들어 있던 ‘심리학’ 깨웠다“[포토] 사유리-곽금주 교수의 유쾌한 심리상담”“"올해 한국인 평균 영화관람횟수 세계 1위"(종합)”“[게임연중기획] 게임은 문화다-여가활동 1순위 게임”“영화속 ‘영어 지상주의’ …“왠지 씁쓸한데””“2월 `신문 부수 인증기관` 지정..방송법 후속작업”“무료신문 성장동력 ‘차별성’과 ‘갈등해소’”대한민국 국회 법률지식정보시스템"Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project: South Korea"“amp;vwcd=MT_ZTITLE&path=인구·가구%20>%20인구총조사%20>%20인구부문%20>%20 총조사인구(2005)%20>%20전수부문&oper_YN=Y&item=&keyword=종교별%20인구& amp;lang_mode=kor&list_id= 2005년 통계청 인구 총조사”원본 문서“한국인이 좋아하는 취미와 운동 (2004-2009)”“한국인이 좋아하는 취미와 운동 (2004-2014)”Archived“한국, `부분적 언론자유국' 강등〈프리덤하우스〉”“국경없는기자회 "한국, 인터넷감시 대상국"”“한국, 조선산업 1위 유지(S. Korea Stays Top Shipbuilding Nation) RZD-Partner Portal”원본 문서“한국, 4년 만에 ‘선박건조 1위’”“옛 마산시,인터넷속도 세계 1위”“"한국 초고속 인터넷망 세계1위"”“인터넷·휴대폰 요금, 외국보다 훨씬 비싸”“한국 관세행정 6년 연속 세계 '1위'”“한국 교통사고 사망자 수 OECD 회원국 중 2위”“결핵 후진국' 한국, 환자가 급증한 이유는”“수술은 신중해야… 자칫하면 생명 위협”대한민국분류대한민국의 지도대한민국 정부대표 다국어포털대한민국 전자정부대한민국 국회한국방송공사about korea and information korea브리태니커 백과사전(한국편)론리플래닛의 정보(한국편)CIA의 세계 정보(한국편)마리암 부디아 (Mariam Budia),『한국: 하늘이 내린 한 폭의 그림』, 서울: 트랜스라틴 19호 (2012년 3월)대한민국ehehehehehehehehehehehehehehWorldCat132441370n791268020000 0001 2308 81034078029-6026373548cb11863345f(데이터)00573706ge128495